The spiral chute is a type of gravity separation equipment. It combines the characteristics of spiral concentrators, concentrator shakers, centrifugal concentrators, and concentrators. It is equipment in mining and ore dressing production lines.

Structure of spiral chute

The main part of the spiral chute equipment is made of spiral blades made of fiberglass connected by bolts. The inner surface of the spiral chute is coated with a wear-resistant lining, usually polyurethane wear-resistant glue, or epoxy resin mixed with artificial diamond sand. There are ore separators and ore receiving troughs at the top of the spiral chute, and product interceptors and ore pressing troughs at the bottom. The entire equipment is vertically erected with a steel frame. According to different processing requirements, the spiral unit can be made into different layers, that is, there are single-head, double-head, three-head, and four-head structures. The working characteristics of the spiral chute are to intercept the fine, medium, and tailings at the end of the trough respectively, and no flushing water is added during the sorting process.

Working principle of the spiral chute

Spiral chute is based on the difference in specific gravity, particle size, and shape between useful minerals and gangue minerals. It produces a dynamic centrifugal flow film of slurry on the inclined surface of the spiral. In the comprehensive force field of gravity and centrifugal force, the gravity, hydrodynamic pressure,e and friction of different particles are used to separate useful minerals from gangue. In addition to the downward spiral motion, the water in the spiral chute also circulates horizontally. The upper water flow has a fast flow rate, which produces a large inertial centrifugal force and is thrown to the outer edge of the trough. The lower water flow adjacent to the bottom of the trough has a slow rotation speed and a small centrifugal force. Under the action of gravity, it flows from the outer edge to the inner edge, generating secondary reflux. The heavy mineral particles in the slurry settle quickly, gradually move to the inner edge along the converging spiral line, and are finally produced in the form of concentrate. The light minerals settle slowly and are on the surface of the ore flow. The flow rate is fast and the centrifugal force is large. Under the action of the lateral circulation, they gradually move to the outer edge along the expanding spiral line, and are finally produced in the form of tailings.

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